Search results for " FINANCING"

Global, regional, and national levels of maternal mortality, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

2016

BACKGROUND: In transitioning from the Millennium Development Goal to the Sustainable Development Goal era, it is imperative to comprehensively assess progress toward reducing maternal mortality to identify areas of success, remaining challenges, and frame policy discussions. We aimed to quantify maternal mortality throughout the world by underlying cause and age from 1990 to 2015.METHODS: We estimated maternal mortality at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2015 for ages 10-54 years by systematically compiling and processing all available data sources from 186 of 195 countries and territories, 11 of which were analysed at the subnational level. We quantified eight underl…

Competence centres and peculiarities of their accounting: case of Latvia

2014

Cost and Financing of Education and its Impact on Coverage and Quality of Services and Efficiency and Equity in Sub-Saharan African Countries

2007

07052; In this chapter, we take mostly an international comparative perspective limited to Sub-Saharan African countries. First, we analyse first the macro picture and the public finance dimension, analyzing the systemic choices made in the distribution of public resources across levels and types of education. Second, we move to unit cost estimates and the factors accounting for their level in a given country and to their variation across the different countries of the region. Finally, we examine the implication of the choices made in the financial dimension upon outcomes (coverage and quality of educationl services), birnging issues of efficiency and equity into the analysis.

The Impact of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme on Township Hospitals' Utilization and Income Structure in Weifang Prefecture, China

2017

The New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme was gradually introduced from 2003 in China. This paper is based on a representative survey of 24 randomly selected township hospitals in Weifang prefecture over the period 2000-2008. Using a generalized form of differences-in-differences model, it aims to assess the effect of the reform on the utilization and income structure of the township hospitals. The estimations provide three main results linked to the effects of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme on the behavior of the key stakeholders (households, health care providers and Health Bureau). Firstly, the reform had positive impacts on the utilization of township hospitals, particularly on…

I drivers del modello competitivo: investimenti, finanziamenti e rapporti con il sistema creditizio

2015

l presente capitolo intende mettere a fuoco i punti di forza ma soprattutto le debolezze che contrassegnano la struttura finanziaria, il rapporto con il sistema bancario e la politica degli investimenti delle imprese italiane. This chapter intends to focus on the strengths but above all the weaknesses that mark the financial structure, the relationship with the banking system and the investment policy of Italian companies.

Variation on the theme 'In Search of New Foundations for Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance'

2003

Our purpose is to explore an alternative way to give new foundations to the theory of corporate finance and governance. The definition we give of corporate finance considers capital-budgeting as central. The shortcomings of the contract theory of the firm result in proposing new foundations to corporate finance based on the knowledge-based theories of the firm. Lastly, we explore the consequences of these new foundations. It leads to give new explanations of the role of external equity financing, financial debt and especially of internal financing, and to re-examine the corporate governance and financial evaluation questions.

L’armonizzazione europea nella lotta al riciclaggio: un’indagine sullo spazio riservato ai diritti e ai principi del diritto penale

2019

Health sector spending and spending on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, and development assistance for health: progress towards Sustainable Devel…

2020

BACKGROUND: Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 aims to "ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages". While a substantial effort has been made to quantify progress towards SDG3, less research has focused on tracking spending towards this goal. We used spending estimates to measure progress in financing the priority areas of SDG3, examine the association between outcomes and financing, and identify where resource gains are most needed to achieve the SDG3 indicators for which data are available. METHODS: We estimated domestic health spending, disaggregated by source (government, out-of-pocket, and prepaid private) from 1995 to 2017 for 195 countries and territories. For …

Life-cycle effects in small business finance

2017

This paper studies the life-cycle profiles of small firms’ cost and use of credit using a panel of Finnish firms. The choice of method matters for the conclusions drawn about the relationship between firm age and financing costs; the cross-sectional age profiles of financing costs are hump-shaped and consistent with hold-up theories, whereas methods that control for cohort fixed effects demonstrate that the financing costs decrease monotonically as the firms mature. The life-cycle profiles of the use of credit also indicate that firms are more dependent on financial intermediaries in the early periods of their lives. Furthermore, the cohorts born during recessions pay higher financing costs…

Public Financing Support Options to Micro-Enterprises for Innovation

2020

Innovation related to the technological advances of entrepreneurship are essential in Industry 4.0. The availability of sufficient funding is one of the factors promoting innovations in companies. Therefore the issue of access to finance remains relevant. The study investigates the availability of public financial support for micro-enterprises - the largest enterprise category in Latvia (approximately 94%), focusing on those for whom the introduction of innovations is essential for their growth. In an ad hoc survey of companies registered in Latvia in nationally defined sectors, entrepreneurs disclosed their sources of funding over the three-year period: 2015-2017. Valid responses from 2511…